By Admin
2025-03-31 08:56:04
What is a low-voltage wiring harness
Basic Definition
Low voltage wiring harness is an electrical component composed of multiple wires, connectors, and protective materials, used to transmit low voltage (usually ≤ 60V DC) and low current signals, mainly serving energy transmission and signal control in fields such as automobiles and mechanical equipment. Its core function is to connect the power supply and electronic devices, forming the "neural network" of the electrical system.
Difference from High Voltage Wiring Harness
| Comparison items | Low voltage wiring harness | High voltage wiring harness |
| Voltage range | ≤ 60V DC (mainly 12V/24V for automobiles) | ≥ 300V DC (540~750V for new energy vehicles) |
| Core functions | Signal transmission, low-power power supply | Drive motor, battery energy transmission |
| Shielding requirements | Some scenes require electromagnetic shielding | Mandatory requirement for multi-layer shielding (copper braided layer) |
| Security protection | Ordinary insulation and mechanical protection | High temperature resistant and arc resistant materials (such as ETFE) |
From the above analysis, it can be seen that low-voltage wiring harnesses, as the underlying support of electrical systems, need to balance safety, durability, and cost efficiency. Their design and selection directly affect the performance and reliability of the entire vehicle.
Application field of low-voltage wiring harness
1、 Automotive field
Traditional fuel vehicles
- Power system: Connect ignition coils, generators and other components, support stable power supply of 12V/24V power system, ensure engine start-up and power distribution.
- Sensors and Control Unit: Transmit sensor signals such as vehicle speed, temperature, pressure, etc. to the ECU (Engine Control Unit) to achieve accurate vehicle status monitoring and power control.
- Vehicle electronic equipment: supplies power and transmits control signals to devices such as headlights, speakers, central control screens, and airbags.
New energy vehicles
- Low voltage auxiliary system: provides low voltage power supply for on-board chargers (OBC), battery management systems (BMS), etc., supporting energy coordination between high-voltage battery packs and the entire vehicle.
- Intelligent control: Connect ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) and onboard communication modules (such as CAN bus) to achieve automatic driving signal transmission and data exchange.
2、 Industrial and Special Equipment
Industrial automation
- Used for PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), motor drive equipment, etc., to achieve low-voltage signal transmission and power distribution of production line equipment.
- In harsh environments such as petrochemicals and metallurgy, high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant wiring harnesses are required to connect sensors and control systems.
Rail Transit
- Connect the train lighting, air conditioning, and door control systems to ensure the stable operation of low-voltage equipment inside the carriage.
3、 Expanding into emerging fields
Energy storage system
- In new energy storage scenarios such as photovoltaics and wind power, connecting inverters and energy storage batteries enables low-voltage side energy management.
Robotics Technology
- Provide joint motor control signals and sensor data transmission for industrial robots and service robots
Through multi scenario coverage and technological iteration, low-voltage wiring harnesses have become an indispensable basic component in modern industrial and consumer electronics fields.
